Main Article Content
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model struktural faktor-faktor kualitas layanan digital yang memengaruhi kepuasan pengguna, peningkatan kinerja yang dirasakan, dan niat penggunaan berkelanjutan terhadap platform Plataran Sehat oleh tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei yang melibatkan 122 tenaga kesehatan yang aktif menggunakan platform Plataran Sehat. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang mengukur dimensi E-ServQual, kepuasan pengguna, peningkatan kinerja yang dirasakan, dan niat penggunaan berkelanjutan. Analisis structural equation modelling (SEM) menunjukkan bahwa kualitas layanan digital memiliki pengaruh positif yang kuat terhadap kepuasan pengguna, yang selanjutnya mempengaruhi niat penggunaan berkelanjutan dan peningkatan kinerja yang dirasakan. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan berharga bagi manajer platform untuk memprioritaskan peningkatan kualitas layanan yang meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna dan mendorong adopsi jangka panjang platform oleh tenaga kesehatan.
Keywords
Article Details

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References
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- Al-Okaily, A., Al-Okaily, M., Ai Ping, T., Al-Mawali, H., & Zaidan, H. (2021). An empirical investigation of enterprise system user satisfaction antecedents in Jordanian commercial banks. Cogent Business and Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1918847
- Alterkait, M. A., & Alduaij, M. Y. (2024). Impact of Information Quality on Satisfaction with E-Learning Platforms: Moderating Role of Instructor and Learner Quality. Sage Open, 14(1), 21582440241233400. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241233400
- Anthonysamy, L., & Singh, P. (2023). The impact of satisfaction, and autonomous learning strategies use on scholastic achievement during Covid-19 confinement in Malaysia. Heliyon, 9(2), e12198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12198
- Ashiq, R., & Hussain, A. (2024). Exploring the effects of e-service quality and e-trust on consumers’ e-satisfaction and e-loyalty: Insights from online shoppers in Pakistan. Journal of Electronic Business & Digital Economics, 3(2), 117–141. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEBDE-09-2023-0019
- Atukunda, P., Khabusi, S. P., & Othieno, J. (2024). Analysis of user satisfaction of e-learning systems in Uganda using DeLone and McLean model. Discover Education, 3(1), 194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00304-6
- Bohórquez, M. R., Lara-Bocanegra, A., Teva, R., García-Fernández, J., Grimaldi-Puyana, M., & Gálvez-Ruiz, P. (2024). From e-service quality to behavioral intention to use e-fitness services post COVID-19 lockdown: When a crisis changes the social mindset. Heliyon, 10(9), e30382–e30382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30382
- Campbell, S., Greenwood, M., Prior, S., Shearer, T., Walkem, K., Young, S., Bywaters, D., & Walker, K. (2020). Purposive sampling: Complex or simple? Research case examples. Journal of Research in Nursing: JRN, 25(8), 652. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120927206
- Chen, T., Cong, G., Peng, L., Yin, X., Rong, J., & Yang, J. (2020). Analysis of user satisfaction with online education platforms in china during the covid-19 pandemic. Healthcare (Switzerland), 8(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030200
- Deng, P., Chen, B., & Wang, L. (2023). Predicting students’ continued intention to use E-learning platform for college English study: The mediating effect of E-satisfaction and habit. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1182980
- Edo, O. C., Ang, D., Etu, E.-E., Tenebe, I., Edo, S., & Diekola, O. A. (2023). Why do healthcare workers adopt digital health technologies—A cross-sectional study integrating the TAM and UTAUT model in a developing economy. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 3(2), 100186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2023.100186
- Elangovan, N., & Sundaravel, E. (2021). Method of preparing a document for survey instrument validation by experts. MethodsX, 8, 101326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2021.101326
- Eugine Tafadzwa Maziriri, Tinashe Chuchu, & Tarisai Fritz Rukuni. (2023). An Empirical Appraisal of Electronic Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions within Online Shopping in South Africa. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 8(3), 234–256. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.8.3.234-256
- Ferreira, J. C., Elvas, L. B., Correia, R., & Mascarenhas, M. (2025). Empowering Health Professionals with Digital Skills to Improve Patient Care and Daily Workflows. Healthcare (Switzerland), 13(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13030329
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- Hair, J., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
- Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
- Jo, H., & Bang, Y. (2023). Understanding continuance intention of enterprise resource planning (ERP): TOE, TAM, and IS success model. Heliyon, 9(10), e21019–e21019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21019
- Kalankesh, L. R., Nasiry, Z., Fein, R., & Damanabi, S. (2020). Factors Influencing User Satisfaction with Information Systems: A Systematic Review. Galen Medical Journal, 9, e1686–e1686. https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v9i0.1686
- Laumer, S., Maier, C., & Weitzel, T. (2017). Information quality, user satisfaction, and the manifestation of workarounds: A qualitative and quantitative study of enterprise content management system users. European Journal of Information Systems, 26(4), 333–360. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41303-016-0029-7
- Li, X., Wang, X., & Wei, C. (2022). Antecedents of continuance intention in online learning systems among vocational college students: The moderating effect of gender. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1088270. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1088270
- Li, X., & Zhu, W. (2022). System quality, information quality, satisfaction and acceptance of online learning platform among college students in the context of online learning and blended learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1054691
- Liu, S., Zaigham, G. H. K., Rashid, R. M., & Bilal, A. (2022). Social Media-Based Collaborative Learning Effects on Student Performance/Learner Performance With Moderating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903919
- McGee, R. G., Wark, S., Mwangi, F., Drovandi, A., Alele, F., & Malau-Aduli, B. S. (2024). Digital learning of clinical skills and its impact on medical students’ academic performance: A systematic review. BMC Medical Education, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06471-2
- Mohammed, A. B., Maqableh, M., Qasim, D., & AlJawazneh, F. (2024). Exploring the factors influencing academic learning performance using online learning systems. Heliyon, 10(11), e32584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32584
- Mwiya, B., Katai, M., Bwalya, J., Kayekesi, M., Kaonga, S., Kasanda, E., Munyonzwe, C., Kaulungombe, B., Sakala, E., Muyenga, A., & Mwenya, D. (2022). Examining the effects of electronic service quality on online banking customer satisfaction: Evidence from Zambia. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2143017. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2143017
- Nawafleh, S., & Khasawneh, A. (2024). Drivers of citizens E- loyalty in E-government services: E-service quality mediated by E-trust based on moderation role by system anxiety. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 18(2), 217–240. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-04-2023-0053
- Parasuraman, A. (1994). Alternative scales for measuring service quality: A comparative assessment based on psychometric and diagnostic criteria. Journal of Retailing, 70(3), 201–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4359(94)90033-7
- Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Malhotra, A. (2005). E-S-QUAL: A Multiple-Item Scale for Assessing Electronic Service Quality. Journal of Service Research, 7(3), 213–233. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670504271156
- Pereira, M. de S., de Castro, B. S., Cordeiro, B. A., de Castro, B. S., Peixoto, M. G. M., da Silva, E. C. M., & Gonçalves, M. C. (2025). Factors of Customer Loyalty and Retention in the Digital Environment. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 20(2), 71–71. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer20020071
- Qatawneh, N., Al-Okaily, M., Alkhasawneh, R., Althonayan, A., & Tarawneh, A. (2024). The mediating role of e-trust and e-satisfaction in the relationship between e-service quality and e-loyalty toward e-government services. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-07-2023-0263
- Rita, P., Oliveira, T., & Farisa, A. (2019). The impact of e-service quality and customer satisfaction on customer behavior in online shopping. Heliyon, 5(10), e02690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02690
- Sae-tae, K., Ling, J., & Wang, Q. (2024). The impact of user addiction on continuance intention to use streaming platforms: Incorporating expectation confirmation model and personality traits. Frontiers in Communication, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2024.1410975
- Samudro, B., Susilo, M. H., Armadito, M. R., Handayani, P. W., & Fitriani, H. (2024). Users’ Satisfaction Regarding Continuance Intention of Subscription Video-on-Demand Platforms for Watching Football Matches: A Stimulus-Organism-Response Perspective. SAGE Open, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241289685
- Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Smith, D., Reams, R., & Hair, J. F. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): A useful tool for family business researchers. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(1), 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2014.01.002
- Scheel, L., Vladova, G., & Ullrich, A. (2022). The influence of digital competences, self-organization, and independent learning abilities on students’ acceptance of digital learning. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00350-w
- Sharma, A., Mohan, A., Johri, A., & Asif, M. (2024). Determinants of fintech adoption in agrarian economy: Study of UTAUT extension model in reference to developing economies. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(2), 100273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100273
- Sumi, R. S., & Kabir, G. (2021). Satisfaction of e-learners with electronic learning service quality using the servqual model. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7040227
- Urufia, W. O. N., & Thaifur, A. Y. B. R. (2023). Sosialisasi Plataran Sehat pada Tenaga Kesehatan di Puskesmas Betoambari, Kota Baubau. 2, 23–28.
- Wu, F., & Xie, G. (2024). Research on the influence of perceived quality on users’ continuance usage intention of online live streaming class platforms: The mediating role of flow experience and the moderating impact of perceived usefulness. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1455597. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1455597
- Yu, C., Yan, J., & Cai, N. (2024). ChatGPT in higher education: Factors influencing ChatGPT user satisfaction and continued use intention. Frontiers in Education, 9, 1354929. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1354929
- Zavareh, F. B., Ariff, M. S. M., Jusoh, A., Zakuan, N., Bahari, A. Z., & Ashourian, M. (2012). E-Service Quality Dimensions and Their Effects on E-Customer Satisfaction in Internet Banking Services. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 441–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.213
- Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. (1988). Communication and Control Processes in the Delivery of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing, 52(2), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298805200203
- Zou, Y., Kuek, F., Feng, W., & Cheng, X. (2025). Digital learning in the 21st century: Trends, challenges, and innovations in technology integration. Frontiers in Education, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1562391
References
Akpen, C. N., Asaolu, S., Atobatele, S., Okagbue, H., & Sampson, S. (2024). Impact of online learning on student’s performance and engagement: A systematic review. Discover Education, 3(1), 205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00253-0
Al-Okaily, A., Al-Okaily, M., Ai Ping, T., Al-Mawali, H., & Zaidan, H. (2021). An empirical investigation of enterprise system user satisfaction antecedents in Jordanian commercial banks. Cogent Business and Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1918847
Alterkait, M. A., & Alduaij, M. Y. (2024). Impact of Information Quality on Satisfaction with E-Learning Platforms: Moderating Role of Instructor and Learner Quality. Sage Open, 14(1), 21582440241233400. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241233400
Anthonysamy, L., & Singh, P. (2023). The impact of satisfaction, and autonomous learning strategies use on scholastic achievement during Covid-19 confinement in Malaysia. Heliyon, 9(2), e12198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12198
Ashiq, R., & Hussain, A. (2024). Exploring the effects of e-service quality and e-trust on consumers’ e-satisfaction and e-loyalty: Insights from online shoppers in Pakistan. Journal of Electronic Business & Digital Economics, 3(2), 117–141. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEBDE-09-2023-0019
Atukunda, P., Khabusi, S. P., & Othieno, J. (2024). Analysis of user satisfaction of e-learning systems in Uganda using DeLone and McLean model. Discover Education, 3(1), 194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00304-6
Bohórquez, M. R., Lara-Bocanegra, A., Teva, R., García-Fernández, J., Grimaldi-Puyana, M., & Gálvez-Ruiz, P. (2024). From e-service quality to behavioral intention to use e-fitness services post COVID-19 lockdown: When a crisis changes the social mindset. Heliyon, 10(9), e30382–e30382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30382
Campbell, S., Greenwood, M., Prior, S., Shearer, T., Walkem, K., Young, S., Bywaters, D., & Walker, K. (2020). Purposive sampling: Complex or simple? Research case examples. Journal of Research in Nursing: JRN, 25(8), 652. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120927206
Chen, T., Cong, G., Peng, L., Yin, X., Rong, J., & Yang, J. (2020). Analysis of user satisfaction with online education platforms in china during the covid-19 pandemic. Healthcare (Switzerland), 8(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030200
Deng, P., Chen, B., & Wang, L. (2023). Predicting students’ continued intention to use E-learning platform for college English study: The mediating effect of E-satisfaction and habit. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1182980
Edo, O. C., Ang, D., Etu, E.-E., Tenebe, I., Edo, S., & Diekola, O. A. (2023). Why do healthcare workers adopt digital health technologies—A cross-sectional study integrating the TAM and UTAUT model in a developing economy. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 3(2), 100186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2023.100186
Elangovan, N., & Sundaravel, E. (2021). Method of preparing a document for survey instrument validation by experts. MethodsX, 8, 101326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2021.101326
Eugine Tafadzwa Maziriri, Tinashe Chuchu, & Tarisai Fritz Rukuni. (2023). An Empirical Appraisal of Electronic Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions within Online Shopping in South Africa. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 8(3), 234–256. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.8.3.234-256
Ferreira, J. C., Elvas, L. B., Correia, R., & Mascarenhas, M. (2025). Empowering Health Professionals with Digital Skills to Improve Patient Care and Daily Workflows. Healthcare (Switzerland), 13(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13030329
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Hair, J., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Jo, H., & Bang, Y. (2023). Understanding continuance intention of enterprise resource planning (ERP): TOE, TAM, and IS success model. Heliyon, 9(10), e21019–e21019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21019
Kalankesh, L. R., Nasiry, Z., Fein, R., & Damanabi, S. (2020). Factors Influencing User Satisfaction with Information Systems: A Systematic Review. Galen Medical Journal, 9, e1686–e1686. https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v9i0.1686
Laumer, S., Maier, C., & Weitzel, T. (2017). Information quality, user satisfaction, and the manifestation of workarounds: A qualitative and quantitative study of enterprise content management system users. European Journal of Information Systems, 26(4), 333–360. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41303-016-0029-7
Li, X., Wang, X., & Wei, C. (2022). Antecedents of continuance intention in online learning systems among vocational college students: The moderating effect of gender. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1088270. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1088270
Li, X., & Zhu, W. (2022). System quality, information quality, satisfaction and acceptance of online learning platform among college students in the context of online learning and blended learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1054691
Liu, S., Zaigham, G. H. K., Rashid, R. M., & Bilal, A. (2022). Social Media-Based Collaborative Learning Effects on Student Performance/Learner Performance With Moderating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903919
McGee, R. G., Wark, S., Mwangi, F., Drovandi, A., Alele, F., & Malau-Aduli, B. S. (2024). Digital learning of clinical skills and its impact on medical students’ academic performance: A systematic review. BMC Medical Education, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06471-2
Mohammed, A. B., Maqableh, M., Qasim, D., & AlJawazneh, F. (2024). Exploring the factors influencing academic learning performance using online learning systems. Heliyon, 10(11), e32584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32584
Mwiya, B., Katai, M., Bwalya, J., Kayekesi, M., Kaonga, S., Kasanda, E., Munyonzwe, C., Kaulungombe, B., Sakala, E., Muyenga, A., & Mwenya, D. (2022). Examining the effects of electronic service quality on online banking customer satisfaction: Evidence from Zambia. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2143017. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2143017
Nawafleh, S., & Khasawneh, A. (2024). Drivers of citizens E- loyalty in E-government services: E-service quality mediated by E-trust based on moderation role by system anxiety. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 18(2), 217–240. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-04-2023-0053
Parasuraman, A. (1994). Alternative scales for measuring service quality: A comparative assessment based on psychometric and diagnostic criteria. Journal of Retailing, 70(3), 201–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4359(94)90033-7
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Malhotra, A. (2005). E-S-QUAL: A Multiple-Item Scale for Assessing Electronic Service Quality. Journal of Service Research, 7(3), 213–233. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670504271156
Pereira, M. de S., de Castro, B. S., Cordeiro, B. A., de Castro, B. S., Peixoto, M. G. M., da Silva, E. C. M., & Gonçalves, M. C. (2025). Factors of Customer Loyalty and Retention in the Digital Environment. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 20(2), 71–71. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer20020071
Qatawneh, N., Al-Okaily, M., Alkhasawneh, R., Althonayan, A., & Tarawneh, A. (2024). The mediating role of e-trust and e-satisfaction in the relationship between e-service quality and e-loyalty toward e-government services. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-07-2023-0263
Rita, P., Oliveira, T., & Farisa, A. (2019). The impact of e-service quality and customer satisfaction on customer behavior in online shopping. Heliyon, 5(10), e02690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02690
Sae-tae, K., Ling, J., & Wang, Q. (2024). The impact of user addiction on continuance intention to use streaming platforms: Incorporating expectation confirmation model and personality traits. Frontiers in Communication, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2024.1410975
Samudro, B., Susilo, M. H., Armadito, M. R., Handayani, P. W., & Fitriani, H. (2024). Users’ Satisfaction Regarding Continuance Intention of Subscription Video-on-Demand Platforms for Watching Football Matches: A Stimulus-Organism-Response Perspective. SAGE Open, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241289685
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Smith, D., Reams, R., & Hair, J. F. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): A useful tool for family business researchers. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(1), 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2014.01.002
Scheel, L., Vladova, G., & Ullrich, A. (2022). The influence of digital competences, self-organization, and independent learning abilities on students’ acceptance of digital learning. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00350-w
Sharma, A., Mohan, A., Johri, A., & Asif, M. (2024). Determinants of fintech adoption in agrarian economy: Study of UTAUT extension model in reference to developing economies. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(2), 100273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100273
Sumi, R. S., & Kabir, G. (2021). Satisfaction of e-learners with electronic learning service quality using the servqual model. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7040227
Urufia, W. O. N., & Thaifur, A. Y. B. R. (2023). Sosialisasi Plataran Sehat pada Tenaga Kesehatan di Puskesmas Betoambari, Kota Baubau. 2, 23–28.
Wu, F., & Xie, G. (2024). Research on the influence of perceived quality on users’ continuance usage intention of online live streaming class platforms: The mediating role of flow experience and the moderating impact of perceived usefulness. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1455597. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1455597
Yu, C., Yan, J., & Cai, N. (2024). ChatGPT in higher education: Factors influencing ChatGPT user satisfaction and continued use intention. Frontiers in Education, 9, 1354929. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1354929
Zavareh, F. B., Ariff, M. S. M., Jusoh, A., Zakuan, N., Bahari, A. Z., & Ashourian, M. (2012). E-Service Quality Dimensions and Their Effects on E-Customer Satisfaction in Internet Banking Services. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 441–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.213
Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. (1988). Communication and Control Processes in the Delivery of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing, 52(2), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298805200203
Zou, Y., Kuek, F., Feng, W., & Cheng, X. (2025). Digital learning in the 21st century: Trends, challenges, and innovations in technology integration. Frontiers in Education, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1562391