Main Article Content
Abstract
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pengungkapan Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (IDX). Penelitian ini mengevaluasi apakah pengungkapan ESG dapat meningkatkan kinerja keuangan korporasi, yang diukur melalui Return on Assets (ROA).
Desain Penelitian dan Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kausal-asosiatif. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari semua perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (IDX) selama periode 2020–2024. Dengan menggunakan teknik sampling purposif, 25 perusahaan dipilih sebagai sampel penelitian. Data sekunder dikumpulkan dari laporan tahunan dan laporan keberlanjutan, dan pengungkapan ESG diukur berdasarkan standar Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Kinerja keuangan diproksikan oleh ROA. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi linier berganda, dengan ukuran perusahaan dan leverage dimasukkan sebagai variabel kontrol.
Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan lingkungan memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan pertambangan yang memiliki transparansi yang lebih tinggi dan komitmen yang lebih kuat terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan cenderung mencapai kinerja keuangan yang lebih baik. Namun, pengungkapan ESG tidak secara konsisten mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan di semua aspek, menunjukkan adanya faktor kontekstual dalam sektor pertambangan.
Implikasi: Studi ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi manajemen korporat untuk meningkatkan kualitas pengungkapan ESG, khususnya aspek lingkungan, sebagai upaya strategis untuk meningkatkan kinerja keuangan dan kepercayaan investor. Secara akademis, penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan literatur ESG dalam konteks perusahaan pertambangan di pasar emerging, terutama Indonesia.
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References
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- Alawiyah, S. N. A., Usmar, D., & Badriah, E. (2022). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Pengungkapan Sukarela (Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Yang Terdapat di BEI Periode 2016-2020) http://repository.unigal.ac.id:8080/handle/123456789/1931
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- Amel-Zadeh, A., & Serafeim, G. (2018). Why and How Investors Use ESG Information: Evidence from a Global Survey. Financial Analysts Journal, 74(3), 87-103. https://doi.org/10.2469/faj.v74.n3.2
- Aras, G., & Hacioglu Kazak, E. (2022). Enhancing firm value through the lens of ESG materiality: Evidence from the banking sector in OECD countries. Sustainability, 14(22), 15302. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215302
- Baier, P., Berninger, M., & Kiesel, F. (2020). Environmental, social and governance reporting in annual reports: A textual analysis. Financial Markets, Institutions and Instruments, 29(3), 93–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/fmii.12132
- Borham, Y., & Yeasun, C. (2018). The Effect of Corporate Responsibility on firm Performance: A Stakeholder Approach. Hospitality and Tourism Management, 89–96.
- Brigham, E. F., & Ehrhardt, M. C. (2020). Financial management: Theory & practice (16th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
- Cohen, G. (2023). The impact of ESG risks on corporate value. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 60(4), 1451–1468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11156-023-01135-6
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- Firmansyah, A., Kharisma, A. N., & Amalia, R. (2023). Apakah Risiko ESG Berkaitan dengan Risiko Perusahaan? Accounting and Business Information Systems Journal, 11.
- Firmansyah, A., Praptama, G. S., & Hasibuang, H. F. (2022). Peran Kebijakan Utang Dalam Hubungan Pengungkapan Keberlanjutan dan Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal STEI Ekonomi, 31(01), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.36406/jemi.v31i01.607
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- Ghozali I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariat dan Ekonometrika dengan Program IBM SPSS 25. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
- Gillan, S. L., Koch, A., & Starks, L. T. (2021). Firms and social responsibility: A review of ESG and CSR research in corporate finance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.101889
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- Khan, M. N., Serafeim, G., & Yoon, A. (2016). Corporate Sustainability: First Evidence on Materiality. The Accounting Review, 91(6), 1697-1724. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-51383
- LI, Q. (2022). The Impact of ESG Risk Score on Holding Period Return. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3833214
- Mazumder, M.M.M and Hossain, D.M. (2023), "Voluntary cybersecurity disclosure in the banking industry of Bangladesh: does board composition matter?", Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 217-239. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-07-2021-0237
- Ningtyas, A. A. K., & Aryani, Y. A. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility dan Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Listing Di BEI TAHUN 2016-2017). Kuntansi Dan Bisnis, 20, 91–102.
- Nurhayati, F. (2023). KCSI 2023, Refleksi Aksi Keberlanjutan Sektor Industri Indonesia. Katadata.Co.Id.
- Prastiwi, A., Faisal, F., Nur, E., & Yuyetta, A. (2018). Board Characteristics, Environmental Social Governance Disclosure and Corporate Performance: Evidence From Indonesia Public Listed Companies.
- Pinney, C., & Serafeim, G. (2016). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-023. Harvard University
- Priandhana, F. (2022). Pengaruh Risiko Environment Social and Governance Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Didalam Indeks IDXESGL). Business Economic, Communication, and Social Sciences (BECOSS) Journal, 4(1), 59–63. https://doi.org/10.21512/becossjournal.v4i1.7797
- Purnomo, B. C., & Tarigan, J. (2014). Hubungan Antara Sustainability Reporting Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Dari Sisi Liquidity Ratio. Business Accounting Riview.
- Purwitasari, D., Sumardi, & Larasati, M. (2023). Pengaruh Tingkat Risiko Environmental Social Governance (ESG) dan Leverage terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Pada Indeks IDXESGL Tahun 2020-2022. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 522–529. https://doi.org/10.37034/infeb.v5i2.255
- Rokhlinasari, S. (2016). Teori-Teori dalam Pengungkapan Informasi Corporate Social Responbility Perbankan. www.bi.go.id
- Safdie, S. (2024, June). ESG Risks: Definition, Examples and Assessment Method. Greenly Solutions.
- Saygili, E., Arslan, S., & Birkan, A. O. (2022). ESG practices and corporate financial performance: Evidence from Borsa Istanbul. Borsa Istanbul Review, 22(3), 525–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2021.07.001
- Shakil, M. H. (2021). Environmental, social and governance performance and financial risk: Moderating role of ESG controversies and board gender diversity. Resources Policy, 72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102144
- sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
- Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
- Suttipun, M., & Yordudom, T. (2022). Impact of environmental, social and governance disclosures on market reaction: an evidence of Top50 companies listed from Thailand. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 20(3–4), 753–767. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-12-2020-0377
- Türegün, N. (2022). Financial performance evaluation by multi-criteria decision-making techniques. Heliyon, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09361
- Xaviera, A., Rahman, A., Program, ), Akuntansi, S., Ekonomi, F., Bisnis, D., & Artikel, P. (2023). Pengaruh Kinerja ESG Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Siklus Hidup Perusahaan Sebagai Moderasi: Bukti Dari Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis, 16(2), 226–247. https://doi.org/10.30813/jab.v16
- Yawika, M. K., & Handayani, S. (2019). The Effect of ESG Performance on Economic Performance in the High Profile Industry in Indonesia. JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.15640/jibe.v7n2a12
- Yoon, B., & Chung, Y. (2018). Yoon, Borham. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 37, 89–96.
- Zulfa, A., & Marsono. (2023). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Corporate Social Responsibility, Dan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2016-2020). DIPONEGORO JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING, 12, 1–13.
References
Aleksandra, E., & Petrov-Nerling, G. (2023a). Systemic ESG risks: industrial analysis. Procedia Computer Science, 221, 1110–1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2023.08.095
Alawiyah, S. N. A., Usmar, D., & Badriah, E. (2022). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Pengungkapan Sukarela (Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Yang Terdapat di BEI Periode 2016-2020) http://repository.unigal.ac.id:8080/handle/123456789/1931
Aleksandra, E., & Petrov-Nerling, G. (2023b). Systemic ESG risks: industrial analysis. Procedia Computer Science, 221, 1110–1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2023.08.095
Alsayegh, M. F., Rahman, R. A., & Homayoun, S. (2020). Corporate economic, environmental, and social sustainability performance transformation through ESG disclosure. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093910
Amel-Zadeh, A., & Serafeim, G. (2018). Why and How Investors Use ESG Information: Evidence from a Global Survey. Financial Analysts Journal, 74(3), 87-103. https://doi.org/10.2469/faj.v74.n3.2
Aras, G., & Hacioglu Kazak, E. (2022). Enhancing firm value through the lens of ESG materiality: Evidence from the banking sector in OECD countries. Sustainability, 14(22), 15302. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215302
Baier, P., Berninger, M., & Kiesel, F. (2020). Environmental, social and governance reporting in annual reports: A textual analysis. Financial Markets, Institutions and Instruments, 29(3), 93–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/fmii.12132
Borham, Y., & Yeasun, C. (2018). The Effect of Corporate Responsibility on firm Performance: A Stakeholder Approach. Hospitality and Tourism Management, 89–96.
Brigham, E. F., & Ehrhardt, M. C. (2020). Financial management: Theory & practice (16th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Cohen, G. (2023). The impact of ESG risks on corporate value. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 60(4), 1451–1468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11156-023-01135-6
Edward Freeman John McVea, R., Edward Freeman, R., McVea, J., in Hitt, F. M., Freeman, E., & Harrison, J. (2001). A Stakeholder Approach to Strategic Management. http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=263511
Fikru, M. G., Avila-Santamaria, J. J., Soria, R., Logan, A., & Romero, P. P. (2024). Evaluating ESG Risk ratings of mining companies: What are lessons for Ecuador’s developing mining sector? Resources Policy, 94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105133
Firmansyah, A., Kharisma, A. N., & Amalia, R. (2023). Apakah Risiko ESG Berkaitan dengan Risiko Perusahaan? Accounting and Business Information Systems Journal, 11.
Firmansyah, A., Praptama, G. S., & Hasibuang, H. F. (2022). Peran Kebijakan Utang Dalam Hubungan Pengungkapan Keberlanjutan dan Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal STEI Ekonomi, 31(01), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.36406/jemi.v31i01.607
Freeman, R. E., Dmytriyev, S. D., & Phillips, R. A. (2021). Stakeholder Theory and the Resource-Based View of the Firm. Journal of Management, 47(7), 1757–1770. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206321993576
Ghozali I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariat dan Ekonometrika dengan Program IBM SPSS 25. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Gillan, S. L., Koch, A., & Starks, L. T. (2021). Firms and social responsibility: A review of ESG and CSR research in corporate finance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.101889
Kasmir. (2011a). Analisis Laporan Keuangan (1st ed.). Rajawali.
Kasmir. (2011b). Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Kim, S., & Li, Z. (2021). Understanding the impact of esg practices in corporate finance. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073746
Khan, M. N., Serafeim, G., & Yoon, A. (2016). Corporate Sustainability: First Evidence on Materiality. The Accounting Review, 91(6), 1697-1724. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-51383
LI, Q. (2022). The Impact of ESG Risk Score on Holding Period Return. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3833214
Mazumder, M.M.M and Hossain, D.M. (2023), "Voluntary cybersecurity disclosure in the banking industry of Bangladesh: does board composition matter?", Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 217-239. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-07-2021-0237
Ningtyas, A. A. K., & Aryani, Y. A. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility dan Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Listing Di BEI TAHUN 2016-2017). Kuntansi Dan Bisnis, 20, 91–102.
Nurhayati, F. (2023). KCSI 2023, Refleksi Aksi Keberlanjutan Sektor Industri Indonesia. Katadata.Co.Id.
Prastiwi, A., Faisal, F., Nur, E., & Yuyetta, A. (2018). Board Characteristics, Environmental Social Governance Disclosure and Corporate Performance: Evidence From Indonesia Public Listed Companies.
Pinney, C., & Serafeim, G. (2016). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-023. Harvard University
Priandhana, F. (2022). Pengaruh Risiko Environment Social and Governance Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Didalam Indeks IDXESGL). Business Economic, Communication, and Social Sciences (BECOSS) Journal, 4(1), 59–63. https://doi.org/10.21512/becossjournal.v4i1.7797
Purnomo, B. C., & Tarigan, J. (2014). Hubungan Antara Sustainability Reporting Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Dari Sisi Liquidity Ratio. Business Accounting Riview.
Purwitasari, D., Sumardi, & Larasati, M. (2023). Pengaruh Tingkat Risiko Environmental Social Governance (ESG) dan Leverage terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Pada Indeks IDXESGL Tahun 2020-2022. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 522–529. https://doi.org/10.37034/infeb.v5i2.255
Rokhlinasari, S. (2016). Teori-Teori dalam Pengungkapan Informasi Corporate Social Responbility Perbankan. www.bi.go.id
Safdie, S. (2024, June). ESG Risks: Definition, Examples and Assessment Method. Greenly Solutions.
Saygili, E., Arslan, S., & Birkan, A. O. (2022). ESG practices and corporate financial performance: Evidence from Borsa Istanbul. Borsa Istanbul Review, 22(3), 525–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2021.07.001
Shakil, M. H. (2021). Environmental, social and governance performance and financial risk: Moderating role of ESG controversies and board gender diversity. Resources Policy, 72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102144
sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Suttipun, M., & Yordudom, T. (2022). Impact of environmental, social and governance disclosures on market reaction: an evidence of Top50 companies listed from Thailand. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 20(3–4), 753–767. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-12-2020-0377
Türegün, N. (2022). Financial performance evaluation by multi-criteria decision-making techniques. Heliyon, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09361
Xaviera, A., Rahman, A., Program, ), Akuntansi, S., Ekonomi, F., Bisnis, D., & Artikel, P. (2023). Pengaruh Kinerja ESG Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Siklus Hidup Perusahaan Sebagai Moderasi: Bukti Dari Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis, 16(2), 226–247. https://doi.org/10.30813/jab.v16
Yawika, M. K., & Handayani, S. (2019). The Effect of ESG Performance on Economic Performance in the High Profile Industry in Indonesia. JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.15640/jibe.v7n2a12
Yoon, B., & Chung, Y. (2018). Yoon, Borham. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 37, 89–96.
Zulfa, A., & Marsono. (2023). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Corporate Social Responsibility, Dan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2016-2020). DIPONEGORO JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING, 12, 1–13.