Main Article Content
Abstract
The research objective was to compare the value of the Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC) with the Accounting Earnings Response Coefficient (AERC). Research on earnings response has been carried out with mixed results using the Earnings Response coefficient. Several researchers provide arguments and highlight the weaknesses of the ERC measure used to measure earnings quality. This study suspects that the size of the ERC may be different if cash flows are applied and not only earnings based on historical cost or accrual principles. The synthesis process is carried out to generate new concepts and then comparisons will be made of the ERC and AERC results. The study was conducted on 69 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2017. The results of the different test results for the ERC and AERC values on the Paired Sample Test value are significant (0.000), which means that the value obtained by adding CFO to the AERC equation is different from the ERC concept. These results indicate that the earnings quality resulting from the AERC regression by adding the CFO value to the AERC equation is the earnings quality after being corrected by CFO, so that the AERC value reflects the real earnings quality.
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References
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- Ball, R., Kothari, S. P., Robin, A., & Ny, R. (1999). The Effect of International Institutional Factors On Properties of Accounting Earnings by. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 29(1), 1–51.
- Beaver, W., Lambert, R., & Morse, D. (1980). The information content of security prices. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 2(1), 3–28.
- Cho, J. Y. dan K. J. (1991). Earnings Response Coefficients: A Synthesis of Theory and Empirical Evidence. Jornal of Accounting Literature, 10, 85–116.
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- Collins, D. W., & Kothari, S. P. (1989b). An analysis of intertemporal and cross-sectional determinants of earnings response coefficients. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 11(2–3), 143–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(89)90004-9
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- Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work. The Journal of Finance, 25(2), 383–417. https://doi.org/10.2307/2325486
- Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (2015). A five-factor asset pricing model. Journal of Financial Economics, 116(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2014.10.010
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- Foster, L. T., & Jones, K. G. (1977). Applied Geography: An Educational Alternative. The Professional Geographer, 29(3), 300–304. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1977.00300.x
- Hecht, P., & Vuolteenaho, T. (2006). Explaining Returns with Cash-Flow Proxies. Review of Financial Studies, 19(1), 159–194. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhj001
- Holthausen, R. W., & Verrecchia, R. E. (1988). The Effect of Sequential Information Releases on the Variance of Price Changes in an Intertemporal Multi-Asset Market. Journal of Accounting Research, 26(1), 82. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491114
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- Ray Ball, P. B. (1965). An empirical evaluation of accounting income numbers. In Journal of Accounting Research (pp. 159–178).
- Sehgal, S., & Pandey, A. (2010). Equity valuation using price multiples: evidence from India. Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance, 6(1), 89–108.
- Sharpe, W. F. (1964). Capital Asset Prices. The Journal of Finance, 19(3), 425–442.
- Siegal, W., Church, A. H., Javitch, M., Waclawski, J., Burd, S., Bazigos, M., Yang, T.-F., Anderson-Rudolph, K., & Warner Burke, W. (1996). Understanding the management of change: An overview of managers’ perspectives and assumptions in the 1990s. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 9(6), 54–80.
- Teets, W. R., & Wasley, C. E. (1996). Estimating earnings response coefficients: Pooled versus firm-specific models. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 21(3), 279–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(96)00423-5
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- Watts, R. L., & Zimmerman, J. L. (1983). Agency Problems, Auditing, and the Theory of the Firm: Some Evidence. The Journal of Law and Economics, 26(3), 613–633. https://doi.org/10.1086/467051
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References
A.M. Al-Baidhani, A. Abdullah, M. Ariff, F.F. Cheng, Y. K. (2017). Review Of Earnings Response Coefficient Studies. Corporate Ownership & Control, 14(3), 299–308. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i3c2a
Ball, R., Kothari, S. P., & Nikolaev, V. V. (2013a). Econometrics of the basu asymmetric timeliness coefficient and accounting conservatism. Journal of Accounting Research, 51(5), 1071–1097. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.12026
Ball, R., Kothari, S. P., & Nikolaev, V. V. (2013b). On estimating conditional conservatism. Accounting Review, 88(3), 755–787. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-50371
Ball, R., Kothari, S. P., Robin, A., & Ny, R. (1999). The Effect of International Institutional Factors On Properties of Accounting Earnings by. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 29(1), 1–51.
Beaver, W., Lambert, R., & Morse, D. (1980). The information content of security prices. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 2(1), 3–28.
Cho, J. Y. dan K. J. (1991). Earnings Response Coefficients: A Synthesis of Theory and Empirical Evidence. Jornal of Accounting Literature, 10, 85–116.
Collins, D. W., & Kothari, S. P. (1989a). An analysis of intertemporal and cross-sectional determinants of earnings response coefficients. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 11(2–3), 143–181.
Collins, D. W., & Kothari, S. P. (1989b). An analysis of intertemporal and cross-sectional determinants of earnings response coefficients. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 11(2–3), 143–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(89)90004-9
Dechow, P. M., & Ge, W. (2006). The persistence of earnings and cash flows and the role of special items: Implications for the accrual anomaly. Review of Accounting Studies, 11(2–3), 253–296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-006-9004-1
Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work. The Journal of Finance, 25(2), 383–417. https://doi.org/10.2307/2325486
Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (2015). A five-factor asset pricing model. Journal of Financial Economics, 116(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2014.10.010
Feltham, G. A., & Ohlson, J. A. (1995). Valuation and clean surplus accounting for operating and financial activities. Contemporary Accounting Research, 11(2), 689–731.
Foster, L. T., & Jones, K. G. (1977). Applied Geography: An Educational Alternative. The Professional Geographer, 29(3), 300–304. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1977.00300.x
Hecht, P., & Vuolteenaho, T. (2006). Explaining Returns with Cash-Flow Proxies. Review of Financial Studies, 19(1), 159–194. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhj001
Holthausen, R. W., & Verrecchia, R. E. (1988). The Effect of Sequential Information Releases on the Variance of Price Changes in an Intertemporal Multi-Asset Market. Journal of Accounting Research, 26(1), 82. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491114
Lintner, J. (1965a). The Valuation of Risk Assets and the Selection of Risky Investments in Stock Portfolios and Capital Budgets. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 47(1), 13–37.
Lintner, J. (1965b). Security Prices, Risk, And Maximal Gains From Diversification. The Journal of Finance, 20(4), 587–615. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1965.tb02930.x
Lorek, K. S., & Willinger, G. L. (2008). Time-series properties and predictive ability of quarterly cash flows. Advances in Accounting, 24(1), 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adiac.2008.05.010
Mendenhall, W., Beaver, R. J., & Beaver, B. M. (2012). Introduction to probability and statistics. Cengage Learning.
Mostafa, W., & Dixon, R. (2013). The impact of earnings extremity on information content of cash flow. Review of Accounting and Finance, 12(1), 81–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/14757701311295845
Ohlson, J. A. (1990). A Synthesis of security valuation theory and the role of dividends, cash flows, and earnings. Contemporary Accounting Research, 6(2), 648–676. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1990.tb00780.x
Patatoukas, P. N. (2014). Detecting news in aggregate accounting earnings: implications for stock market valuation. Review of Accounting Studies, 19(1), 134–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-013-9221-3
Patell, J. M., & Wolfson, M. A. (1984). The intraday speed of adjustment of stock prices to earnings and dividend announcements. Journal of Financial Economics, 13(2), 223–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(84)90024-2
Ray Ball, P. B. (1965). An empirical evaluation of accounting income numbers. In Journal of Accounting Research (pp. 159–178).
Sehgal, S., & Pandey, A. (2010). Equity valuation using price multiples: evidence from India. Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance, 6(1), 89–108.
Sharpe, W. F. (1964). Capital Asset Prices. The Journal of Finance, 19(3), 425–442.
Siegal, W., Church, A. H., Javitch, M., Waclawski, J., Burd, S., Bazigos, M., Yang, T.-F., Anderson-Rudolph, K., & Warner Burke, W. (1996). Understanding the management of change: An overview of managers’ perspectives and assumptions in the 1990s. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 9(6), 54–80.
Teets, W. R., & Wasley, C. E. (1996). Estimating earnings response coefficients: Pooled versus firm-specific models. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 21(3), 279–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(96)00423-5
Treynor, J. L. (1961a). Market Value, Time, And Risk. Modern Economy, 7(2).
Treynor, J. L. (1961b). Toward a Theory of Market Value of Risky Assets. Modern Economy, 6.
Watts, R. L. (2003). Conservatism in Accounting Part I: Explanations and Implications. Accounting Horizons, 17(3), 207–221. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.2003.17.3.207
Watts, R. L., & Zimmerman, J. L. (1983). Agency Problems, Auditing, and the Theory of the Firm: Some Evidence. The Journal of Law and Economics, 26(3), 613–633. https://doi.org/10.1086/467051
Watts, R. L., & Zimmerman, J. L. (1990). Positive Accounting Theory: A Ten Year Perspective. The Accounting Review, 65(1), 131–156.
Whitley, R. D. (1988). The possibility and utility of positive accounting theory. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 13(6), 631–645. https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-3682(88)90037-2