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Abstract
Capital structure refers to the way a company finances its operations through a mix of equity and debt. The choice of capital structure has important implications for the risk and return of a firm, as well as its ability to raise funds and invest in future growth. In this theoretical review, we will examine the endogenous and exogenous factors that affect a firm's capital structure decisions. In conclusion, a firm's capital structure decisions are influenced by a complex set of endogenous and exogenous factors. By understanding these factors, firms can make informed decisions about their capital structure, balancing the trade-offs between risk, return, and growth potential.
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References
- Antoniou, A., Guney, Y. & Paudyal, K. (2008). The Determinants of Capital Structure: Capital Market Oriented versus Bank Oriented Institutions, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 43, hal. 59-92.
- Baker, M. & Wurgler, J. (2002). Market Timing and Capital Structure, Journal of Finance, 57, pp. 1-32.
- Barclay, M.J. & Smith, C.W. (1995). The Maturity Structure of Corporate Debt, Journal of Finance, 50, pp. 609-631.
- Barclay, M.J., Smith, C.W. & Watts, R.L. (1995). The Determinants of Corporate Leverage and Dividend Policies, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 7, pp. 4-19.
- Barclay, M.J., Smith, C.W. & Morellec, E. (2006). On the Debt Capacity of Growth Options, Journal of Business, 79, pp. 37-59.
- Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A. and Maksimovic, V. (2008). Financing Patterns around the World: Are Small Firms Different?, Journal of Financial Economics, 89, pp. 467-487.
- Bennet, M. & Donnelly, R. (1993): The Determinants of Capital Structure: Some UK Evidence, British Accounting Review, 25, pp. 43-59.
- Brealy, R.A. & Myers, S. (2006). Principles of Corporate Finance. New York, McGraw Hill.
- De Jong, A. & Veld, C. (2001). An Empirical Analysis of Incremental Capital Structure Decisions under Managerial Entrenchment, Journal of Banking and Finance, 25, pp. 1857-1895.
- De Jong, A., Kabir, R. and Nguyen, T.T. (2008). Capital Structure around the World: The Roles of Firm- and Country-Specific Determinants, Journal of Banking and Finance, 32, pp. 1-39.
- Delcoure, N. (2007). The Determinants of Capital Structure in Transitional Economies, International Review of Economics and Finance, 16, pp. 400-415.
- Dittmar, A. (2004). Capital Structure in Corporate Spin-Offs, Journal of Business, 77, pp. 9-43.
- Dittmar, A. & Mahrt-Smith, J. (2007). Corporate Governance and the Value of Cash Holdings, Journal of Financial Economics, 83, pp. 599-634.
- Elliot, W.B., Koeter-Kant, J. dan Warr, R.S. (2008). Market Timing and the Debt-Equity Choice, Journal of Financial Intermediation, 17, pp. 175-197.
- Fama, E.F. & French, K.R. (2005): Financing Decisions: Who Issues Stock? Journal of Financial Economics, 76, pp. 549-582.
- Fama, E.F. & Miller, M. (1972). The Theory of Finance. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
- Fan, H., Titman, S. & Twite, G.J. (2008). An International Comparison of Capital Structure and Debt Maturity Choices, Working Paper, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
- Frank, M.Z. dan Goyal, V.K. (2009). Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors are Reliably Important?, Financial Management, 38, pp. 1-37.
- Harris, M. dan Raviv, A. (1991). The Theory of Capital Structure. Journal of Finance, 46, pp. 297-355.
- Kester, C.W. (1986). Capital and Ownership Structure: A Comparison of United Studies and Japanese Manufacturing Corporations, Financial Management, 15, hal. 5-16.
- Kim, H.E. (1978): A Mean-Variance Theory of Optimal Capital Structure and Corporate Debt Capacity, Journal of Finance, 33, hal. 45-63.
- Kim, H. & Berger, P.D. (2008). A Comparison of Capital Structure Determinants: The United States and The Republic of Korea, Multinational Business Review, 16, hal. 79-100.
- Kochhar, R. (1997). Strategic assets, Capital Structure, and Firm Performance, Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, 10(3), Fall.
- La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R.W. (2002). Investor Protection and Corporate Valuation, Journal of Finance, 57, pp. 1147-1170.
- Modigliani, F. & Miller, M.H. (1958). The Cost of Capital, Corporate Finance, and the Theory of Investment, American Economic Review, 48, hal. 261-297.
- Modigliani, F. & Miller, M.H. (1963): Corporate Income Taxes and the Cost of Capital: A Correction, American Economic Review, 53, hal. 433-443.
- Morellec, E. (2001). Asset Liquidity, Capital Structure and Secured Debt, Journal of Financial Economics, 61, 173-206.
- Morellec, E. (2004). Can Managerial Discretion Explain Observed Leverage Ratios? Review of Financial Studies, 17, pp. 257-294.
- Myers, S.C. (1977). Determinants of Corporate Borrowing, Journal of Financial Economics, 5, pp. 147-175.
- Myers, S.C. (1984). The Capital Structure Puzzle, Journal of Finance, 39, pp. 575-592.
- Myers, S.C. (2001). Capital Structure, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15, pp. 81-102.
- Myers, S.C. (2003). Financing of Corporations. Dalam G. Constantinides, G. Harris, M., dan Stulz, R. (Editor), Handbook of the Economics of Finance: Corporate Finance, Amsterdam, North Holland/Elsevier.
- Myers, S.C. & Majluf, N. S. (1984). Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions when Firms have Information that Investors do not have, Journal of Financial Economics, 13, pp. 187-222.
- Opler, T., Pinkowitz, L., Stulz, R. & Williamson, R. (1999). The Determinants and Implications of Corporate Cash Holdings. Journal of Financial Economics, 52, pp. 3- 46.
- Rajan, R.G. & Zingales, L. (1995). What do we know about Capital Structure? Some Evidence from International Data, Journal of Finance, 50, pp. 1421-1460.
- Rajan, R.G. & Zingales, L. (2003). The Great Reversals: The Politics of Financial Development in the Twentieth Century, Journal of Financial Economics, 69, pp. 5-50.
- Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R.W. (1989). Management Entrenchment: The Case of Manager- Specific Investments, Journal of Financial Economics, 25, pp. 123-140.
- Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R.W. (1991). Takeovers in the 60s and 80s: Evidence and Implications, Strategic Management Journal, 12, pp. 51-59.
- Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R.W. (1992). Liquidation Values and Debt Capacity: A Market Equilibrium Approach, Journal of Finance, 47, pp. 1343-1365.
- Sibilkov, V. (2009). Asset Liquidity and Capital Structure, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 44, pp. 1173-1196.
- Storey, D.J. (1994). The Role of Legal Status in Influencing Bank Financing and New Firm Growth, Applied Economics, 26, hal. 129-136
- Titman, S. dan Wessels, R. (1988). The Determinants of Capital Structure Choice, Journal of Finance, 43, hal. 1-19.
- Van Horne, J.C. & Wachowicz, J.M. (2012). Prinsip-Prinsip Manajemen Keuangan, Edisi 13, Penerbit Salemba Empat: Jakarta.
References
Antoniou, A., Guney, Y. & Paudyal, K. (2008). The Determinants of Capital Structure: Capital Market Oriented versus Bank Oriented Institutions, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 43, hal. 59-92.
Baker, M. & Wurgler, J. (2002). Market Timing and Capital Structure, Journal of Finance, 57, pp. 1-32.
Barclay, M.J. & Smith, C.W. (1995). The Maturity Structure of Corporate Debt, Journal of Finance, 50, pp. 609-631.
Barclay, M.J., Smith, C.W. & Watts, R.L. (1995). The Determinants of Corporate Leverage and Dividend Policies, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 7, pp. 4-19.
Barclay, M.J., Smith, C.W. & Morellec, E. (2006). On the Debt Capacity of Growth Options, Journal of Business, 79, pp. 37-59.
Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A. and Maksimovic, V. (2008). Financing Patterns around the World: Are Small Firms Different?, Journal of Financial Economics, 89, pp. 467-487.
Bennet, M. & Donnelly, R. (1993): The Determinants of Capital Structure: Some UK Evidence, British Accounting Review, 25, pp. 43-59.
Brealy, R.A. & Myers, S. (2006). Principles of Corporate Finance. New York, McGraw Hill.
De Jong, A. & Veld, C. (2001). An Empirical Analysis of Incremental Capital Structure Decisions under Managerial Entrenchment, Journal of Banking and Finance, 25, pp. 1857-1895.
De Jong, A., Kabir, R. and Nguyen, T.T. (2008). Capital Structure around the World: The Roles of Firm- and Country-Specific Determinants, Journal of Banking and Finance, 32, pp. 1-39.
Delcoure, N. (2007). The Determinants of Capital Structure in Transitional Economies, International Review of Economics and Finance, 16, pp. 400-415.
Dittmar, A. (2004). Capital Structure in Corporate Spin-Offs, Journal of Business, 77, pp. 9-43.
Dittmar, A. & Mahrt-Smith, J. (2007). Corporate Governance and the Value of Cash Holdings, Journal of Financial Economics, 83, pp. 599-634.
Elliot, W.B., Koeter-Kant, J. dan Warr, R.S. (2008). Market Timing and the Debt-Equity Choice, Journal of Financial Intermediation, 17, pp. 175-197.
Fama, E.F. & French, K.R. (2005): Financing Decisions: Who Issues Stock? Journal of Financial Economics, 76, pp. 549-582.
Fama, E.F. & Miller, M. (1972). The Theory of Finance. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
Fan, H., Titman, S. & Twite, G.J. (2008). An International Comparison of Capital Structure and Debt Maturity Choices, Working Paper, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Frank, M.Z. dan Goyal, V.K. (2009). Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors are Reliably Important?, Financial Management, 38, pp. 1-37.
Harris, M. dan Raviv, A. (1991). The Theory of Capital Structure. Journal of Finance, 46, pp. 297-355.
Kester, C.W. (1986). Capital and Ownership Structure: A Comparison of United Studies and Japanese Manufacturing Corporations, Financial Management, 15, hal. 5-16.
Kim, H.E. (1978): A Mean-Variance Theory of Optimal Capital Structure and Corporate Debt Capacity, Journal of Finance, 33, hal. 45-63.
Kim, H. & Berger, P.D. (2008). A Comparison of Capital Structure Determinants: The United States and The Republic of Korea, Multinational Business Review, 16, hal. 79-100.
Kochhar, R. (1997). Strategic assets, Capital Structure, and Firm Performance, Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, 10(3), Fall.
La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R.W. (2002). Investor Protection and Corporate Valuation, Journal of Finance, 57, pp. 1147-1170.
Modigliani, F. & Miller, M.H. (1958). The Cost of Capital, Corporate Finance, and the Theory of Investment, American Economic Review, 48, hal. 261-297.
Modigliani, F. & Miller, M.H. (1963): Corporate Income Taxes and the Cost of Capital: A Correction, American Economic Review, 53, hal. 433-443.
Morellec, E. (2001). Asset Liquidity, Capital Structure and Secured Debt, Journal of Financial Economics, 61, 173-206.
Morellec, E. (2004). Can Managerial Discretion Explain Observed Leverage Ratios? Review of Financial Studies, 17, pp. 257-294.
Myers, S.C. (1977). Determinants of Corporate Borrowing, Journal of Financial Economics, 5, pp. 147-175.
Myers, S.C. (1984). The Capital Structure Puzzle, Journal of Finance, 39, pp. 575-592.
Myers, S.C. (2001). Capital Structure, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15, pp. 81-102.
Myers, S.C. (2003). Financing of Corporations. Dalam G. Constantinides, G. Harris, M., dan Stulz, R. (Editor), Handbook of the Economics of Finance: Corporate Finance, Amsterdam, North Holland/Elsevier.
Myers, S.C. & Majluf, N. S. (1984). Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions when Firms have Information that Investors do not have, Journal of Financial Economics, 13, pp. 187-222.
Opler, T., Pinkowitz, L., Stulz, R. & Williamson, R. (1999). The Determinants and Implications of Corporate Cash Holdings. Journal of Financial Economics, 52, pp. 3- 46.
Rajan, R.G. & Zingales, L. (1995). What do we know about Capital Structure? Some Evidence from International Data, Journal of Finance, 50, pp. 1421-1460.
Rajan, R.G. & Zingales, L. (2003). The Great Reversals: The Politics of Financial Development in the Twentieth Century, Journal of Financial Economics, 69, pp. 5-50.
Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R.W. (1989). Management Entrenchment: The Case of Manager- Specific Investments, Journal of Financial Economics, 25, pp. 123-140.
Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R.W. (1991). Takeovers in the 60s and 80s: Evidence and Implications, Strategic Management Journal, 12, pp. 51-59.
Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R.W. (1992). Liquidation Values and Debt Capacity: A Market Equilibrium Approach, Journal of Finance, 47, pp. 1343-1365.
Sibilkov, V. (2009). Asset Liquidity and Capital Structure, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 44, pp. 1173-1196.
Storey, D.J. (1994). The Role of Legal Status in Influencing Bank Financing and New Firm Growth, Applied Economics, 26, hal. 129-136
Titman, S. dan Wessels, R. (1988). The Determinants of Capital Structure Choice, Journal of Finance, 43, hal. 1-19.
Van Horne, J.C. & Wachowicz, J.M. (2012). Prinsip-Prinsip Manajemen Keuangan, Edisi 13, Penerbit Salemba Empat: Jakarta.