Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examines the role of performance management systems (PMS) in enhancing corporate financial performance. The primary focus is how effectively PMS can align employee efforts with organizational goals and its impact on economic outcomes such as ROI and profit margins. This research employs a qualitative approach with case studies of technology and financial services companies. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and analysis of company documents. This approach allows for a comprehensive understanding of PMS implementation and the contextual factors influencing it. The findings indicate that precise goal setting, continuous feedback, and fair performance evaluations are critical components of effective PMS. Contextual factors such as leadership commitment and supportive organizational culture also play a crucial role. Integrating advanced technologies like AI and data analytics significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of performance management processes, leading to enhanced financial performance. This study significantly contributes to the performance management field by highlighting technology's importance in optimizing PMS. Business practitioners can use these findings to improve the effectiveness of PMS in their organizations. Additionally, the research guides managers to involve employees in the PMS design and offer continuous training to ensure the system operates optimally. Further research is needed to explore the long-term impact of technology integration in PMS across various industry sectors.
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References
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- Aguinis, H., & Burgi-Tian, J. (2021). Talent management challenges during COVID-19 and beyond: Performance management to the rescue. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 24(3), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1177/2340944421100
- Aguinis, H., & Burgi-Tian, J. (2023). Performance management around the world: solving the standardization vs adaptation dilemma. IIM Ranchi Journal of Management Studies, 2(2), 159–170. https://doi.org/10.1108/IRJMS-09-2022-0091
- Akter, S., Wamba, S. F., Gunasekaran, A., Dubey, R., & Childe, S. J. (2016). How to improve firm performance using big data analytics capability and business strategy alignment? International Journal of Production Economics, 182, 113–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.08.018
- Armstrong, M. (2020). MBA-760 Performance Management.
- Asiaei, K., Rezaee, Z., Bontis, N., Barani, O., & Sapiei, N. S. (2021). Knowledge assets, capabilities and performance measurement systems: a resource orchestration theory approach. Journal of Knowledge Management, 25(8), 1947–1976. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-09-2020-0721
- Bakri, M. (2024). Applying Organizational Psychology Principles for Positive Workplace Outcomes. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 2(1), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v2i1.258
- Baran, M. (2017). The Importance of Mentoring in Employee Work Engagement–based on research of company employees in Poland. International Journal of Contemporary Management, 16(2), 33–56. https://doi.org/10.4467/24498939IJCM.17.009.7522
- Bayavanda, T., & Karunakaran, N. (2022). Evaluating performance management systems roadmap for effective practices: A review. In Journal of Management Research and Analysis (Vol. 2022, p. 16351). IP Innovative Publication. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jmra.2022.003
- Brown, O., Paz-Aparicio, C., & Revilla, A. J. (2019). Leader’s communication style, LMX and organizational commitment. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(2), 230–258. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2018-0129
- Davenport, T. H., & Ronanki, R. (2018). Artificial intelligence for the real world. Harvard Business Review, 96(1), 108–116.
- De Carolis, A., Macchi, M., Negri, E., & Terzi, S. (2017). A Maturity Model for Assessing the Digital Readiness of Manufacturing Companies BT - Advances in Production Management Systems. The Path to Intelligent, Collaborative and Sustainable Manufacturing (H. Lödding, R. Riedel, K.-D. Thoben, G. von Cieminski, & D. Kiritsis (eds.); pp. 13–20). Springer International Publishing.
- Dearing, J. W., & Cox, J. G. (2018). Diffusion of innovations theory, principles, and practice. Health Affairs, 37(2), 183–190. https://doi.org/10.1377/HLTHAFF.2017.1104
- DeNisi, A. S., & Murphy, K. R. (2017). Performance appraisal and performance management: 100 years of progress? Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 421. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000085
- Farısı, M. (2016). Developing the 21st-century social studies skills through technology integration. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 17(1), 16–30. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.47374
- Gabdullina, G., Gilmanov, M., Akhmetgareeva, A., Khusainova, S., Khamidullin, M., & Gareeva, G. (2022). Assessment of the resource utilization efficiency of transport companies. Transportation Research Procedia, 63, 1055–1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2022.06.106
- Glassman, D., Potoski, M., & Callery, P. J. (2017). Missing metrics that matter to investors: How companies can develop ESG financial value creation metrics. Available at SSRN 3520685. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3520685
- Gnepp, J., Klayman, J., Williamson, I. O., & Barlas, S. (2020). The future of feedback: Motivating performance improvement through future-focused feedback. PloS One, 15(6), e0234444. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0234444
- Hristov, I., Camilli, R., & Mechelli, A. (2022). Cognitive biases in implementing a performance management system: behavioral strategy for supporting managers’ decision-making processes. Management Research Review, 45(9), 1110–1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-11-2021-0777
- Hsiao, Y.-C., & Wu, M.-H. (2019). How organizational structure and strategic alignment influence new product success. Management Decision, 58(1), 182–200. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-06-2017-0628
- Jannah, I. M., & Nugroho, A. D. (2022). The role of communication technology toward employee performance. INCOME: Innovation of Economics and Management, 2(1), 30–32. https://doi.org/10.32764/income.v2i1.2873
- Johnson, K., Arlitsch, K., Kyrillidou, M., & Swedman, D. (2020). Using the balanced scorecard as a framework for strategic planning and organizational change. https://doi.org/https://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/15840
- Jumady, E. (2023). The Role of Organizational Culture, Work Environment and Motivation in Improving Employee Performance. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(1 SE-Articles), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i1.40
- Kadak, T., & Laitinen, E. K. (2021). How different types of performance management systems affect organizational performance? Measuring Business Excellence, 25(3), 315–327. https://doi.org/10.1108/MBE-03-2020-0045
- Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (2007). Balanced scorecard. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9320-5_12
- Kaplowitz, M., Fishman, E. K., Rowe, S. P., Chu, L. C., & Lugo-Fagundo, E. (2023). The Future of Work: Opportunities for Dynamic Growth. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 20(6), 613–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2022.12.01
- Keong, L., & Vui, C. N. (2022). Critical success factors: leadership, customer, economic factor, culture to business venture. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 14(1), 6681–6698.
- Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2019). The development of goal setting theory: A half century retrospective. Motivation Science, 5(2), 93. https://doi.org/10.1037/MOT0000127
- Mohapatra, S., & Laxmikant, L. (2014). Cloud computing and ROI. Management for Professionals. Ανακτήθηκε Από: Http://Www. Asecib. Ase. Ro/Cc/Carti/Cloud% 20Computing% 20and% 20ROI, 20(2), 14. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08663-7
- Monino, J.-L. (2021). Data value, big data analytics, and decision-making. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 12, 256–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13132-016-0396-2
- Nazmul Huda, K. (2022). Is The Performance Management System Of Readymade Garments Factories Effective In Achieving The Projected Outcome, Strategic Alignment And Operational Efficiency? A Study On Bangladesh. Management & Marketing Journal, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.52846/mnmk.20.2.02
- Noy, I. (2023). Corporate financial performance in terms of liquidity and profitability. Advances in Management & Financial Reporting, 1(2 SE-Articles). https://doi.org/10.60079/amfr.v1i2.99
- O’Leary, R. S., & Lentz, E. (2020). Technology’s impact on the performance management transformation. Performance Management Transformation: Lessons Learned and Next Steps, 264. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190942878.003.0014
- Öberg, C. (2020). The role of innovation metrics in innovation systems. International Journal of Innovation Management, 24(03), 2050025. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919620500255
- Opada, F. M. M., Ibrahim, M. B. H., Irawan, A., Akbar, M. A., & Rasyid, A. (2024). Talent Acquisition Strategies: A Comprehensive Examination of Recruitment Policies for Organizational Success. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 2(2 SE-Articles), 63–77. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v2i2.185
- Rasyid, A. (2023). Insurance Company Financial Performance Analysis. Advances in Economics & Financial Studies, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.60079/aefs.v1i2.112
- Révelard, A., Tintoré, J., Verron, J., Bahurel, P., Barth, J. A., Belbéoch, M., Benveniste, J., Bonnefond, P., Chassignet, E. P., & Cravatte, S. (2022). Ocean integration: The needs and challenges of effective coordination within the ocean observing system. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 737671. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.737671
- Richler, J. (2020). Effective stakeholder engagement. Nature Energy, 5(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1038/S41560-019-0544-6
- Sanjaya, M., & Indrawati, L. (2023). The Influence Of Job Satisfaction, Work Motivation, And Employee Commitment On Employee Performance. Research In Management and Accounting (RIMA), 6(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.33508/rima.v6i1.4538
- Sarno, R., Sungkono, K. R., Taufiqulsa’di, M., Darmawan, H., Fahmi, A., & Triyana, K. (2021). Improving efficiency for discovering business processes containing invisible tasks in non-free choice. Journal of Big Data, 8(1), 113. https://doi.org/10.1186/S40537-021-00487-X
- Schaufeli, W. (2021). Engaging leadership: How to promote work engagement? Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 754556. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.754556
- Serpa, S., Sá, M. J., & Ferreira, C. M. (2020). Organizational learning culture in effective improvement of educational organizations. The International Journal of Educational Organization and Leadership, 27(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.18848/2329-1656/CGP
- Shaik, F. F., & Makhecha, U. P. (2019). Drivers of employee engagement in global virtual teams. Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 23. https://doi.org/10.3127/AJIS.V23I0.1770
- Sharma, R. (2022). Chapter-9 Financial Performance Metrics: Measuring and Monitoring Success. Financial Management Excellence: Strategies for Sustainable Growth, 136.
- Singh, S. (2017). Project management and strategic objectives of the organization. Universal Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 5(1), 10–12. https://doi.org/10.13189/UJIBM.2017.050102
- Sinurat, E. J., Berampu, L. T., & Alfifto, A. (2021). Effect of Employee Engagement and Enjoyable Employee Experience on Employee Performance. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12(3), 845–849. https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.3.120
- Unsworth, K. L., Davis, M. C., Russell, S. V, & Bretter, C. (2021). Employee green behaviour: How organizations can help the environment. Current Opinion in Psychology, 42, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COPSYC.2020.12.006
- Wahyuni, N. (2024). Applying Occupational Psychology Principles to Enhance Organizational Effectiveness. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 2(1 SE-Articles), 11–25. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v2i1.208
- Wei, F., Xu, L., Hu, X., Chang, S. C., & Wu, Y. (2023). Negative feedback change and employee performance: A goal-setting theory perspective. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-023-09908-2
- Widjaja, P. (2023). Effective Employee Management in Times of Organizational Transformation. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(3), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i3.195
- Zahoor, A., & Khan, D. (2022). Frontline service employees and customer engagement: some further insights. IIM Ranchi Journal of Management Studies, 1(2), 175–190. https://doi.org/10.1108/irjms-06-2021-0016
References
Agrawal, K. K., Misra, R., Agrawal, G. Das, Bhardwaj, M., & Jamuwa, D. K. (2019). The state of art on the applications, technology integration, and latest research trends of earth-air-heat exchanger system. Geothermics, 82, 34–50. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2019.05.011
Aguinis, H., & Burgi-Tian, J. (2021). Talent management challenges during COVID-19 and beyond: Performance management to the rescue. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 24(3), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1177/2340944421100
Aguinis, H., & Burgi-Tian, J. (2023). Performance management around the world: solving the standardization vs adaptation dilemma. IIM Ranchi Journal of Management Studies, 2(2), 159–170. https://doi.org/10.1108/IRJMS-09-2022-0091
Akter, S., Wamba, S. F., Gunasekaran, A., Dubey, R., & Childe, S. J. (2016). How to improve firm performance using big data analytics capability and business strategy alignment? International Journal of Production Economics, 182, 113–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.08.018
Armstrong, M. (2020). MBA-760 Performance Management.
Asiaei, K., Rezaee, Z., Bontis, N., Barani, O., & Sapiei, N. S. (2021). Knowledge assets, capabilities and performance measurement systems: a resource orchestration theory approach. Journal of Knowledge Management, 25(8), 1947–1976. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-09-2020-0721
Bakri, M. (2024). Applying Organizational Psychology Principles for Positive Workplace Outcomes. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 2(1), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v2i1.258
Baran, M. (2017). The Importance of Mentoring in Employee Work Engagement–based on research of company employees in Poland. International Journal of Contemporary Management, 16(2), 33–56. https://doi.org/10.4467/24498939IJCM.17.009.7522
Bayavanda, T., & Karunakaran, N. (2022). Evaluating performance management systems roadmap for effective practices: A review. In Journal of Management Research and Analysis (Vol. 2022, p. 16351). IP Innovative Publication. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jmra.2022.003
Brown, O., Paz-Aparicio, C., & Revilla, A. J. (2019). Leader’s communication style, LMX and organizational commitment. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(2), 230–258. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2018-0129
Davenport, T. H., & Ronanki, R. (2018). Artificial intelligence for the real world. Harvard Business Review, 96(1), 108–116.
De Carolis, A., Macchi, M., Negri, E., & Terzi, S. (2017). A Maturity Model for Assessing the Digital Readiness of Manufacturing Companies BT - Advances in Production Management Systems. The Path to Intelligent, Collaborative and Sustainable Manufacturing (H. Lödding, R. Riedel, K.-D. Thoben, G. von Cieminski, & D. Kiritsis (eds.); pp. 13–20). Springer International Publishing.
Dearing, J. W., & Cox, J. G. (2018). Diffusion of innovations theory, principles, and practice. Health Affairs, 37(2), 183–190. https://doi.org/10.1377/HLTHAFF.2017.1104
DeNisi, A. S., & Murphy, K. R. (2017). Performance appraisal and performance management: 100 years of progress? Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 421. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000085
Farısı, M. (2016). Developing the 21st-century social studies skills through technology integration. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 17(1), 16–30. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.47374
Gabdullina, G., Gilmanov, M., Akhmetgareeva, A., Khusainova, S., Khamidullin, M., & Gareeva, G. (2022). Assessment of the resource utilization efficiency of transport companies. Transportation Research Procedia, 63, 1055–1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2022.06.106
Glassman, D., Potoski, M., & Callery, P. J. (2017). Missing metrics that matter to investors: How companies can develop ESG financial value creation metrics. Available at SSRN 3520685. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3520685
Gnepp, J., Klayman, J., Williamson, I. O., & Barlas, S. (2020). The future of feedback: Motivating performance improvement through future-focused feedback. PloS One, 15(6), e0234444. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0234444
Hristov, I., Camilli, R., & Mechelli, A. (2022). Cognitive biases in implementing a performance management system: behavioral strategy for supporting managers’ decision-making processes. Management Research Review, 45(9), 1110–1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-11-2021-0777
Hsiao, Y.-C., & Wu, M.-H. (2019). How organizational structure and strategic alignment influence new product success. Management Decision, 58(1), 182–200. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-06-2017-0628
Jannah, I. M., & Nugroho, A. D. (2022). The role of communication technology toward employee performance. INCOME: Innovation of Economics and Management, 2(1), 30–32. https://doi.org/10.32764/income.v2i1.2873
Johnson, K., Arlitsch, K., Kyrillidou, M., & Swedman, D. (2020). Using the balanced scorecard as a framework for strategic planning and organizational change. https://doi.org/https://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/15840
Jumady, E. (2023). The Role of Organizational Culture, Work Environment and Motivation in Improving Employee Performance. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(1 SE-Articles), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i1.40
Kadak, T., & Laitinen, E. K. (2021). How different types of performance management systems affect organizational performance? Measuring Business Excellence, 25(3), 315–327. https://doi.org/10.1108/MBE-03-2020-0045
Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (2007). Balanced scorecard. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9320-5_12
Kaplowitz, M., Fishman, E. K., Rowe, S. P., Chu, L. C., & Lugo-Fagundo, E. (2023). The Future of Work: Opportunities for Dynamic Growth. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 20(6), 613–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2022.12.01
Keong, L., & Vui, C. N. (2022). Critical success factors: leadership, customer, economic factor, culture to business venture. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 14(1), 6681–6698.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2019). The development of goal setting theory: A half century retrospective. Motivation Science, 5(2), 93. https://doi.org/10.1037/MOT0000127
Mohapatra, S., & Laxmikant, L. (2014). Cloud computing and ROI. Management for Professionals. Ανακτήθηκε Από: Http://Www. Asecib. Ase. Ro/Cc/Carti/Cloud% 20Computing% 20and% 20ROI, 20(2), 14. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08663-7
Monino, J.-L. (2021). Data value, big data analytics, and decision-making. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 12, 256–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13132-016-0396-2
Nazmul Huda, K. (2022). Is The Performance Management System Of Readymade Garments Factories Effective In Achieving The Projected Outcome, Strategic Alignment And Operational Efficiency? A Study On Bangladesh. Management & Marketing Journal, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.52846/mnmk.20.2.02
Noy, I. (2023). Corporate financial performance in terms of liquidity and profitability. Advances in Management & Financial Reporting, 1(2 SE-Articles). https://doi.org/10.60079/amfr.v1i2.99
O’Leary, R. S., & Lentz, E. (2020). Technology’s impact on the performance management transformation. Performance Management Transformation: Lessons Learned and Next Steps, 264. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190942878.003.0014
Öberg, C. (2020). The role of innovation metrics in innovation systems. International Journal of Innovation Management, 24(03), 2050025. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919620500255
Opada, F. M. M., Ibrahim, M. B. H., Irawan, A., Akbar, M. A., & Rasyid, A. (2024). Talent Acquisition Strategies: A Comprehensive Examination of Recruitment Policies for Organizational Success. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 2(2 SE-Articles), 63–77. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v2i2.185
Rasyid, A. (2023). Insurance Company Financial Performance Analysis. Advances in Economics & Financial Studies, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.60079/aefs.v1i2.112
Révelard, A., Tintoré, J., Verron, J., Bahurel, P., Barth, J. A., Belbéoch, M., Benveniste, J., Bonnefond, P., Chassignet, E. P., & Cravatte, S. (2022). Ocean integration: The needs and challenges of effective coordination within the ocean observing system. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 737671. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.737671
Richler, J. (2020). Effective stakeholder engagement. Nature Energy, 5(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1038/S41560-019-0544-6
Sanjaya, M., & Indrawati, L. (2023). The Influence Of Job Satisfaction, Work Motivation, And Employee Commitment On Employee Performance. Research In Management and Accounting (RIMA), 6(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.33508/rima.v6i1.4538
Sarno, R., Sungkono, K. R., Taufiqulsa’di, M., Darmawan, H., Fahmi, A., & Triyana, K. (2021). Improving efficiency for discovering business processes containing invisible tasks in non-free choice. Journal of Big Data, 8(1), 113. https://doi.org/10.1186/S40537-021-00487-X
Schaufeli, W. (2021). Engaging leadership: How to promote work engagement? Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 754556. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.754556
Serpa, S., Sá, M. J., & Ferreira, C. M. (2020). Organizational learning culture in effective improvement of educational organizations. The International Journal of Educational Organization and Leadership, 27(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.18848/2329-1656/CGP
Shaik, F. F., & Makhecha, U. P. (2019). Drivers of employee engagement in global virtual teams. Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 23. https://doi.org/10.3127/AJIS.V23I0.1770
Sharma, R. (2022). Chapter-9 Financial Performance Metrics: Measuring and Monitoring Success. Financial Management Excellence: Strategies for Sustainable Growth, 136.
Singh, S. (2017). Project management and strategic objectives of the organization. Universal Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 5(1), 10–12. https://doi.org/10.13189/UJIBM.2017.050102
Sinurat, E. J., Berampu, L. T., & Alfifto, A. (2021). Effect of Employee Engagement and Enjoyable Employee Experience on Employee Performance. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12(3), 845–849. https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.3.120
Unsworth, K. L., Davis, M. C., Russell, S. V, & Bretter, C. (2021). Employee green behaviour: How organizations can help the environment. Current Opinion in Psychology, 42, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COPSYC.2020.12.006
Wahyuni, N. (2024). Applying Occupational Psychology Principles to Enhance Organizational Effectiveness. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 2(1 SE-Articles), 11–25. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v2i1.208
Wei, F., Xu, L., Hu, X., Chang, S. C., & Wu, Y. (2023). Negative feedback change and employee performance: A goal-setting theory perspective. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-023-09908-2
Widjaja, P. (2023). Effective Employee Management in Times of Organizational Transformation. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(3), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i3.195
Zahoor, A., & Khan, D. (2022). Frontline service employees and customer engagement: some further insights. IIM Ranchi Journal of Management Studies, 1(2), 175–190. https://doi.org/10.1108/irjms-06-2021-0016