Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examines Facebook's role in the Rohingya genocide in Myanmar, highlighting regulatory gaps that enable social media misuse. Using a qualitative case study approach, it explores how Facebook's algorithm, prioritizing user engagement, amplifies misinformation and hate speech, fueling ethnic violence. Key regulatory gaps include Facebook's inadequate local content moderation, Myanmar's weak legal oversight, and the absence of robust international regulations. Despite civil society's watchdog role, limited resources hinder effectiveness. The study underscores the urgent need for digital governance reforms to address these gaps, curb hate speech, and protect vulnerable communities from social media's harmful impacts.
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References
- Amnesty International. (2022). The SOCIAL ATROCITY META: AND THE RIGHT TO REMEDY FOR THE ROHINGYA. www.amnesty.org
- Apriyani Indah. (2022). Analisis Orientasi Perusahaan. Pusdani, 2(7), 1–11.
- Baxter, P., & Jack, S. (2015). Qualitative Case Study Methodology: Study Design and Implementation for Novice Researchers. The Qualitative Report, May. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2008.1573
- Cho, H., Cannon, J., Lopez, R., & Li, W. (2024). Social media literacy: A conceptual framework. New Media and Society, 26(2), 941–960. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211068530
- Clune, C., & McDaid, E. (2024). Content moderation on social media: constructing accountability in the digital space. Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 37(1), 257–279. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-11-2022-6119
- Faxon, H. O., Kintzi, K., Tran, V., Wine, K. Z., & Htut, S. Y. (2023). Organic online politics: Farmers, Facebook, and Myanmar’s military coup. Big Data and Society, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517231168101
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- Gorwa, R. (2019). The platform governance triangle: Conceptualising the informal regulation of online content. Internet Policy Review, 8(2), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.14763/2019.2.1407
- Hamza, A., Devkota, D., & Poudel, A. (2024). Evolving Social Media Landscape : Trends and Usage Patterns in Myanmar Evolving Social Media Landscape : Trends and Usage Patterns in Myanmar. September.
- Human Rights Council. (2020). Resolution on the safety of journalists adopted by the Human Rights Council on 6 October 2020, A/HRC/RES/45/18. 13332(October).
- International Crisis Group. (2021). Myanmar ’ s Military Struggles to Control the Virtual Battlefield. May, 1–43.
- Kothur, L., & Pandey, V. (2023). Role of social media news consumption in cultivating opinion polarization. Information Technology and People. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-12-2022-0942
- Schissler, M. (2024). Beyond Hate Speech and Misinformation: Facebook and the Rohingya Genocide in Myanmar. Journal of Genocide Research, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2024.2375122
- Smith, R., & Smith, N. (2022). Use and Abuse of Social Media in Myanmar between 2010 and 2022. Athens Journal of Law, 8(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajl.8-3-5
- Tähtinen, T. (2024). When Facebook Is the Internet: The Role of Social Media in Ethnic Conflict. World Development, 180(April). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106633
- Tong, S. T., & DeAndrea, D. C. (2023). The Effects of Observer Expectations on Judgments of Anti-Asian Hate Tweets and Online Activism Response. Social Media and Society, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051231157299
- Umiyati. (2021). Democratic Backsliding Disrupted: The Role of Digitalized Resistance in Myanmar. 4(1), 6.
- Warofka, A. (2018). An Independent Assessment of the Human Rights Impact of Facebook in Myanmar Removing Myanmar Military Officials From Facebook Update on Myanmar. November. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.20878.20801
- Whitten-Woodring, J., Kleinberg, M. S., Thawnghmung, A., & Thitsar, M. T. (2020). Poison If You Don’t Know How to Use It: Facebook, Democracy, and Human Rights in Myanmar. International Journal of Press/Politics, 25(3), 407–425. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161220919666
- Zaleznik, D. (2021). Facebook and Genocide. Systemic Justice Journal: Critical Corporate Theory Collection.
References
Amnesty International. (2022). The SOCIAL ATROCITY META: AND THE RIGHT TO REMEDY FOR THE ROHINGYA. www.amnesty.org
Apriyani Indah. (2022). Analisis Orientasi Perusahaan. Pusdani, 2(7), 1–11.
Baxter, P., & Jack, S. (2015). Qualitative Case Study Methodology: Study Design and Implementation for Novice Researchers. The Qualitative Report, May. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2008.1573
Cho, H., Cannon, J., Lopez, R., & Li, W. (2024). Social media literacy: A conceptual framework. New Media and Society, 26(2), 941–960. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211068530
Clune, C., & McDaid, E. (2024). Content moderation on social media: constructing accountability in the digital space. Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 37(1), 257–279. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-11-2022-6119
Faxon, H. O., Kintzi, K., Tran, V., Wine, K. Z., & Htut, S. Y. (2023). Organic online politics: Farmers, Facebook, and Myanmar’s military coup. Big Data and Society, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517231168101
Febrinandez, H. L. (2021). Aktivisme Digital Dan Penataan Regulasi Hukum Digital. 1–26. https://www.unpad.ac.id/2021/09/studi-menunjukkan-penggemar-k-pop-berkontribusi-aktif-dalam-aktivisme-media-sosial
Gleicher, N., Monday, O., & August, I. (2018). A Genocide Incited on Facebook, With Posts From Myanmar’s Military - The New York Times. 9–11.
Gorwa, R. (2019). The platform governance triangle: Conceptualising the informal regulation of online content. Internet Policy Review, 8(2), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.14763/2019.2.1407
Hamza, A., Devkota, D., & Poudel, A. (2024). Evolving Social Media Landscape : Trends and Usage Patterns in Myanmar Evolving Social Media Landscape : Trends and Usage Patterns in Myanmar. September.
Human Rights Council. (2020). Resolution on the safety of journalists adopted by the Human Rights Council on 6 October 2020, A/HRC/RES/45/18. 13332(October).
International Crisis Group. (2021). Myanmar ’ s Military Struggles to Control the Virtual Battlefield. May, 1–43.
Kothur, L., & Pandey, V. (2023). Role of social media news consumption in cultivating opinion polarization. Information Technology and People. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-12-2022-0942
Schissler, M. (2024). Beyond Hate Speech and Misinformation: Facebook and the Rohingya Genocide in Myanmar. Journal of Genocide Research, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2024.2375122
Smith, R., & Smith, N. (2022). Use and Abuse of Social Media in Myanmar between 2010 and 2022. Athens Journal of Law, 8(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajl.8-3-5
Tähtinen, T. (2024). When Facebook Is the Internet: The Role of Social Media in Ethnic Conflict. World Development, 180(April). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106633
Tong, S. T., & DeAndrea, D. C. (2023). The Effects of Observer Expectations on Judgments of Anti-Asian Hate Tweets and Online Activism Response. Social Media and Society, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051231157299
Umiyati. (2021). Democratic Backsliding Disrupted: The Role of Digitalized Resistance in Myanmar. 4(1), 6.
Warofka, A. (2018). An Independent Assessment of the Human Rights Impact of Facebook in Myanmar Removing Myanmar Military Officials From Facebook Update on Myanmar. November. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.20878.20801
Whitten-Woodring, J., Kleinberg, M. S., Thawnghmung, A., & Thitsar, M. T. (2020). Poison If You Don’t Know How to Use It: Facebook, Democracy, and Human Rights in Myanmar. International Journal of Press/Politics, 25(3), 407–425. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161220919666
Zaleznik, D. (2021). Facebook and Genocide. Systemic Justice Journal: Critical Corporate Theory Collection.