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Abstract

Pertumbuhan ekonomi sangat penting bagi negara-negara berkembang, namun seringkali menyebabkan peningkatan emisi CO₂ akibat eksploitasi sumber daya alam, sehingga menimbulkan dilema antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan keberlanjutan lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor ekonomi dan sosial terhadap Emisi CO2 di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel yang menggabungkan data time series dari tahun 2017-2023 dengan data cross section 34 provinsi yang ada di Indonesia. Variabel independen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi PDRB per kapita, PDRB per kapita kuadratik, Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA), industri manufaktur, dan jumlah usia produktif dengan variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah emisi CO2. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis Kurva Kuznets Lingkungan (EKC) berlaku di Indonesia: emisi meningkat seiring pertumbuhan ekonomi pada tahap awal, tetapi menurun setelah mencapai tingkat pendapatan tertentu. Selain itu, FDI meningkatkan emisi, sementara industri manufaktur mengurangi emisi, dan populasi usia produktif tidak signifikan. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya mempromosikan energi bersih, efisiensi energi, dan kebijakan investasi hijau untuk pertumbuhan berkelanjutan.

Keywords

EKC CO2 PDRB per kapita PDRB per kapita kuadratik PMA Industri Manufaktur jumlah usia produktif

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Nazmah, A. I., & Setiawan, A. B. . (2025). Pengaruh Aktivitas Ekonomi dan Faktor Sosial Terhadap Emisi CO₂: Studi Data Panel 34 Provinsi di Indonesia. Paradoks : Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 8(4), 746–768. https://doi.org/10.57178/paradoks.v8i4.1898
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