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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh struktur kepemilikan dan pelaporan keberlanjutan terhadap manajemen laba. Struktur kepemilikan diklasifikasikan ke dalam empat kategori, yaitu kepemilikan manajerial, konsentrasi kepemilikan, kepemilikan negara, dan kepemilikan asing. Pelaporan keberlanjutan diukur menggunakan standar Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Penelitian ini berlandaskan pada teori keagenan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kausal dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dan teknik purposive sampling menghasilkan 115 observasi firm-year dari perusahaan sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2020–2024. Analisis data dilakukan dengan regresi panel menggunakan Random Effect Model, diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan manajerial, konsentrasi kepemilikan, kepemilikan asing, serta pelaporan keberlanjutan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Namun, kepemilikan negara terbukti memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Secara teoritis, temuan ini memperkuat pemahaman mengenai keterbatasan mekanisme pengendalian keagenan pada struktur kepemilikan yang kompleks. Bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh signifikan kepemilikan negara menunjukkan bahwa intervensi pemerintah tidak selalu mampu menekan praktik oportunistik, sehingga memperluas perspektif dalam kajian teori agensi. Selain itu, pengukuran pelaporan keberlanjutan berbasis GRI mengindikasikan bahwa pelaporan keberlanjutan belum sepenuhnya efektif dalam menekan praktik manajemen laba. Secara praktis, penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bagi regulator untuk meningkatkan kualitas tata kelola dan efektivitas pengawasan pada perusahaan berkepemilikan negara. Bagi investor, hasil ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dalam menilai risiko manipulasi laporan keuangan. Bagi perusahaan, temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya transparansi, penguatan mekanisme pengawasan internal, serta penerapan pelaporan keberlanjutan yang lebih bermakna.

Keywords

Konsentrasi kepemilikan Manajemen laba Kepemilikan asing Kepemilikan manajerial Struktur kepemilikan Kepemilikan negara Pelaporan keberlanjutan

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Andini, R., & Taqwa, S. (2025). Pengaruh Ownership Structures dan Sustainability Reporting terhadap Earnings Management Perusahaan Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di BEI 2020–2024. Paradoks : Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9(1), 120–138. https://doi.org/10.57178/paradoks.v9i1.2006
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